Nano-and Microfabrication Techniques in Drug Delivery

See the new book, edited by Dimitrios Lamprou. It brings together technical, clinical, regulatory and industrial perspectives. It provides future prospective and includes the potential clinical applications of nano/microfabrication technologies.

Description: New materials and manufacturing techniques are evolving with the potential to address the challenges associated with the manufacture of medicinal products that will teach new tricks to old drugs. Nano- and microfabrication techniques include manufacturing methods such as additive manufacturing, lithography, micro moulding, spray drying, and lab-on-a-chip, among many others. The increasing resolution of new techniques allows researchers to produce objects with micrometric resolutions. The book follows a consecutive order, beginning with a background in the current field and limitations in the manufacturing of different pharmaceutical products, moving on to the classification of each method by providing recent examples, and future prospective on a variety of traditional and new nanoand microfabrication techniques. The book focuses on the materials used to prepare these systems and their biocompatibility, including applied topics such as clinical applications and regulatory aspects, offering the reader a holistic view of this rapidly growing field.

Here we present chapters 6 to 10 of the book

Chapter 6

Semi-solid Extrusion 3D Printing for the Development of Dosage Forms for Special Patient Groups

The current availability of dosage forms for patients with special requirements, such as pediatrics, is low while often leading to poor acceptability and inadequate treatment adherence. As a result, unlicensed and off-labeled preparations are common, exposing patients to unpredictable risks. During the last years, there is an obvious momentum for drug development tailored to such patient groups, with 3D printing being at the forefront of research in this area. In this context, semi-solid extrusion 3D printing, with the unique capability of additive manufacturing without requiring extreme temperatures, is paving the way toward personalized medicine, point-of-care fabrication upon demand, and digitalization of the pharmaceutical industry.

See the chapter

Gkaragkounis, A., Fatouros, D.G. (2023). Semi-solid Extrusion 3D Printing for the Development of Dosage Forms for Special Patient Groups. In: Lamprou, D. (eds) Nano- and Microfabrication Techniques in Drug Delivery . Advanced Clinical Pharmacy – Research, Development and Practical Applications, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26908-0_6

Chapter 7

Binder Jetting Powder Bed 3D Printing for the Fabrication of Drug Delivery System

FDA approval of Spritam® and investigational new drug clearance of another drug candidate T19 have generated huge interest in 3D printing (3DP) technology and its application to pharmaceutical manufacturing. The technology is still evolving as more knowledge is gathered to understand the impact of raw material on printed delivery system/dosage forms (printlets) and scalability of the technology. Binder jetting 3DP is a subject of discussion in this chapter. Key aspects of the process which are relevant to pharmaceutical application are reviewed. Process features including post-processing steps, critical raw material attributes, quality control, defects and challenges, and applications are discussed.

See the chapter

Charoo, N.A., Mohamed, E.M., Kuttolamadom, M., Khan, M.A., Rahman, Z. (2023). Binder Jetting Powder Bed 3D Printing for the Fabrication of Drug Delivery System. In: Lamprou, D. (eds) Nano- and Microfabrication Techniques in Drug Delivery . Advanced Clinical Pharmacy – Research, Development and Practical Applications, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26908-0_7

Chapter 8

3D Printing for Localized Cancer Therapy

Treating cancers is challenging due to tumor heterogeneity and off-target toxicities of existing therapeutics. Hundreds of genetic variations associated with human disease have been identified that contribute to the disparate treatment responses seen among individual patients. Additionally, lack of efficacy because of dose-limiting toxicities is another major bottleneck in developing effective drugs for cancer treatment. To remedy these challenges, personalized treatment strategies combined with localized drug delivery platforms offer a promising approach. Notably, localized delivery of chemotherapeutics reduces systemic adverse effects, prevents dose-limiting toxicities, and enables effective chemotherapeutic treatment. To this end, three-dimensional (3D) printing of materials is a viable route for manufacturing personalized drug delivery systems with precise control over spatiotemporal drug distribution. This chapter will overview the various 3D-printed therapeutics currently being used for localized cancer treatment.

See the chapter

Razzaghi, M., Seyfoori, A., Akbari, M. (2023). 3D Printing for Localized Cancer Therapy. In: Lamprou, D. (eds) Nano- and Microfabrication Techniques in Drug Delivery . Advanced Clinical Pharmacy – Research, Development and Practical Applications, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26908-0_8

Chapter 9

4D Printing in Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Applications

3D printing (3DP) has made significant advancements in the past decade in the fabrication of complex objects that are based on biomaterials. Although 3D-printed constructs were promising for biomedical applications, they fell short due to their inability to accurately mimic dynamic human tissues. 4D printing (4DP) is a breakthrough delivery system that integrates “time” into the conventional concept of 3DP to address the dynamic healing and regeneration of human tissues. In that way, additive manufacturing (AM) goes from 3DP to 4DP and implicates the use of stimuli-responsive materials. With its ability to create a wide range of useful biomedical products, 4DP has become an important tool in biomedical engineering. The purpose of this chapter is to present the concept of 4D bioprinting and the recent developments in smart materials, which can be actuated by different stimuli and can be used to develop biomimicry materials and structures with significant implications for pharmaceutics and biomedical research, as well as perspectives for the future.

See the chapter

Naniz, M.A., Askari, M., Zolfagharian, A., Bodaghi, M. (2023). 4D Printing in Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Applications. In: Lamprou, D. (eds) Nano- and Microfabrication Techniques in Drug Delivery . Advanced Clinical Pharmacy – Research, Development and Practical Applications, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26908-0_9

Chapter 10

Lithography in Drug Delivery

Research on advanced formulations and manufacturing methods to create multifunctional drug delivery systems has been actively pursued to optimize treatment efficacies via the ability to tune release kinetics, precisely target diseased tissues/cells, accurately diagnose abnormality, and respond to environmental or external stimuli. Manufacturing methods for intelligent therapeutics and medicines have emerged to create nano- or micro-dimension systems that could mimic and harmoniously work with the body. However, there is a remaining limitation on the feasibility to create such systems with well-defined and consistent sizes, shapes, components, and functions. The application of lithographic technologies, adapted from the semiconductor industry, on pharmacy has resolved many of these problems and enabled innovative drug-delivery systems/devices for advanced disease treatment and diagnosis. This book chapter provides an overview of principles, working mechanisms, fundamental science/knowledge, and technical challenges of advanced lithography-based technologies recently used for important drug-delivery applications. Current issues in formulating drug delivery systems and essential contributions of nano/micro-lithography techniques for other biomedical applications are also discussed.

See the chapter

Tran, K.T.M., Nguyen, T.D. (2023). Lithography in Drug Delivery. In: Lamprou, D. (eds) Nano- and Microfabrication Techniques in Drug Delivery . Advanced Clinical Pharmacy – Research, Development and Practical Applications, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26908-0_10

See the full book here

Dimitrios Lamprou Nano- and Microfabrication Techniques in Drug Delivery, Recent Developments and Future Prospects, ISSN 2524-5325 ISSN 2524-5333 (electronic), Advanced Clinical Pharmacy – Research, Development and Practical Applications ISBN 978-3-031-26907-3 ISBN 978-3-031-26908-0 (eBook), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26908-0

See the additional articles with the other book chapter contents:

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