Ocular application of electrospun materials for drug delivery and cellular therapies

The constraints of delivering conventional drugs, biologics and cell-based therapeutics to target ocular sites necessitate the fabrication of novel drug delivery systems to treat diverse ocular diseases. Conventional ocular drug delivery approaches are prone to low bioavailability, poor penetration and degradation of therapeutics, including cell-based therapies, leading to the need for frequent topical applications or intraocular injections. However, owing to their exceptional structural properties, nanofibrous and microfibrous electrospun materials have gained significant interest in ocular drug delivery and biomaterial applications.

Highlights

• Electrospinning systems (ES) have huge potential for the development of promising ocular drug delivery systems.
• Ocular applications of currently researched ES systems have been reviewed in this manuscript.
• The challenges of ES systems along with their potential solutions have been discussed.

This review covers the recent developments of electrospun fibers for the delivery of drugs, biologics, cells, growth factors and tissue regeneration in treating ocular diseases. The insights from this review can provide a thorough understanding of the selection of materials for the fabrication of nano- and/or micro-fibrous systems for ocular applications, with a particular interest in achieving controlled drug release and cell therapy. A detailed modality for fabricating different types of nano- and micro-fibers produced from electrospinning and factors influencing generation are also discussed.

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Deepakkumar Mishra, Shilpkala Gade, Varun Pathak, Lalitkumar Vora, Kiran Mcloughlin, Reinhold Medina, Ryan Donnelly, Thakur Raghu Raj Singh, Ocular application of electrospun materials for drug delivery and cellular therapies, Drug Discovery Today, 2023, 103676, ISSN 1359-6446, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103676.

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