Optimization of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) and Carbopol 940 in Clindamycin HCl Ethosomal Gel as Anti-acne
Clindamycin HCl has anti-acne properties because it can inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) bacteria. However, the bioavailability of clindamycin HCl is less than 13% of the given dose, so it needs to be developed in the form of ethosomes to increase its bioavailability. This study aimed to create a clindamycin HCl ethosomal gel preparation with varying hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carbopol-940 as a gelling agent using a factorial design to obtain 4 formulas. The concentrations of HPMC and carbopol 940 used were 0.5% and 1%.
The optimum formula was determined based on the pH response, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion of the clindamycin HCl ethosomal gel preparation. Based on the factorial design analysis, HPMC and Carbopol-940 have an influence on the pH response and adhesion, while the interaction between HPMC and Carbopol-940 influences the spreadability and viscosity responses. The optimum formula was obtained with a desirability value of 0.994 at a concentration of HPMC was 1%, and Carbopol 940 was 0.5%. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the optimum clindamycin HCl ethosomal gel was 60 µg/mL. So, the clindamycin HCl ethosomal gel had a strong antibacterial activity.
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Materials
The materials used were clindamycin HCl (gift from PT. Dexa Medica, Indonesia), phospholipone 90G (Lipoid, USA), ethanol 96% (Bratahem, Indonesia), carbopol 940 (Bratachem, Indonesia), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Bratachem, Indonesia), triethanolamine (Bratachem, Indonesia), propylene glycol (Bratachem, Indonesia), methylparaben (Smartlab, Indonesia), propylparaben (Smartlab, Indonesia), Butyl Hydroxy Toluene (Bratachem, Indonesia), aquadest (Bratachem, Indonesia), Propionibacterium acnes (culture from Sriwijaya University), Nutrient Agar (NA) (Himedia, Indonesia), and Nutrient Broth (NB) (Himedia, Indonesia).
Elsa Fitria Apriani, Shaum Shiyan, Dwi Hardestyariki, Viva Starlista, Anggitia Laras Sari. Optimization of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) and Carbopol 940 in Clindamycin HCl Ethosomal Gel as Anti-acne. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2024; 17(2):603-1. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00094
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