Book Chapter: Rectal and Vaginal - Practical Pharmaceutics Part 3

An International Guideline for the Preparation, Care and Use of Medicinal Products

See the new book, edited by Paul Le Brun, Sylvie Crauste-Manciet, Irene Krämer, Julian Smith, Herman Woerdenbag:

Description: Practical Pharmaceutics contains essential knowledge on the preparation, quality control, logistics, dispensing and use of medicines. It features chapters written by experienced pharmacists and scientists working in hospitals, academia and industry throughout Europe, including practical examples as well as information on current GMP and GMP-based guidelines and EU-legislation. In this second edition all chapters have been updated with numerous new as well as didactically revised illustrations and tables. A completely new chapter about therapeutic proteins and Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products was added.

From prescription to production, from usage instructions to procurement and the impact of medicines on the environment, the book provides step-by-step coverage that will help a wide range of readers, students as well as professionals. It offers product knowledge for all pharmacists working directly with patients and it will enable them to make the required medicine available, to store medicines properly, to adapt medicines if necessary and to dispense medicines with the appropriate information for patients as well as caregivers about product care and how to maintain the quality of the product. The basic knowledge presented in the book will also be valuable for industrial pharmacists to remind and focus them on the application of the medicines manufactured.

The basic and practical knowledge on the design, preparation and quality management of medicines can directly be applied by the pharmacists whose main duty is production in community and hospital pharmacies and in industry. Undergraduate as well as graduate pharmacy students will find knowledge presented in a coherent way and fully supported with relevant examples.

Practical Pharmaceutics has become a reliable and recognised source for the acquisition of pharmaceutical-technological knowledge. The book is used in the curriculum of a number of international universities and schools of Pharmacy.

Chapter 19

Rectal and Vaginal

This chapter discusses dosage forms for rectal and vaginal use. The main focus is on suppositories and on small-scale preparation methods. The position of rectal and vaginal administration in therapy, for systemic or local action, and biopharmaceutical issues are discussed. This is followed by the design of the formulation and the preparation methods. For the most frequently used rectal dosage form, i.e. suspension suppositories, the quality of both active substance and excipients (including the base) largely influence the therapeutic outcome. Therefore, the chemical form of the active substance and its particle size as well as the suppository base receive ample attention. The preparation steps are discussed in detail, i.e. dispersing, mixing and pouring as well as in-process and final controls.

The onset of systemic action obtained with enemas (small volume) is often faster than with suppositories. To obtain a local effect, a greater part of the rectum and colon can be reached with larger volumes of enema containing an active substance that is not rectally absorbed. The chemical form of the active substance, the choice of the solvent or the vehicle and the pH are important parameters for the design of an enema.

Vaginal dosage forms are used for local treatment. They include pessaries, resembling rectal suppositories in many aspects, semi-solid preparations and vaginal solutions. Design, preparation and quality parameters are discussed.

Finally, new developments and perspectives using rectal and vaginal preparations are highlighted.

See the chapter

Woerdenbag, H., Visser, J.C., Kauss, T., Sznitowska, M. (2023). Rectal and Vaginal. In: Le Brun, P., Crauste-Manciet, S., Krämer, I., Smith, J., Woerdenbag, H. (eds) Practical Pharmaceutics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20298-8_19

See the full book here

Practical Pharmaceutics, Springer International Publishing, Le Brun, Paul, Crauste-Manciet, Sylvie, Krämer, Irene, Smith, Julian, Woerdenbag, Herman, April 2023, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20298-8, ISBN: 978-3-03-120297-1, 978-3-03-120298-8

There will be to addtional articles here soon with the remaining book chapter contents: