Designing cellulose hydrogels from non-woody biomass

Hydrogels are an attractive system for a myriad of applications. While most hydrogels are usually formed from synthetic materials, lignocellulosic biomass appears as a sustainable alternative for hydrogel development. The valorization of biomass, especially the non-woody biomass to meet the growing demand of the substitution of synthetics and to leverage its benefits for cellulose hydrogel fabrication is attractive.

Highlights

Valorization of non-woody biomass for cellulose hydrogel development.

Cellulose depolymerization, dissolution and crosslinking are typical processes.

Selection of solvent and crosslinking method determines hydrogel properties.

Current investigated hydrogel properties are limited to swelling and transparency.

Fundamental understanding is necessary to improve hydrogel properties.

This review aims to present an overview of advances in hydrogel development from non-woody biomass, especially using native cellulose. The review will cover the overall process from cellulose depolymerization, dissolution to crosslinking reaction and the related mechanisms where known. Hydrogel design is heavily affected by the cellulose solubility, crosslinking method and the related processing conditions apart from biomass type and cellulose purity. Hence, the important parameters for rational designs of hydrogels with desired properties, particularly porosity, transparency and swelling characteristics will be discussed. Current challenges and future perspectives will also be highlighted.

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Article information: Li Ching Wong, Cheu Peng Leh, Choon Fu Goh. Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 264, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118036.