In Vitro and Biological Evaluation of Oral Fast-Disintegrating Films Containing Ranitidine HCl and Syloid® 244FP-Based Ternary Solid Dispersion of Flurbiprofen

Flurbiprofen (FBP), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is commonly used to treat the pain of rheumatoid arthritis, but in prolonged use it causes gastric irritation and ulcer. To avoid these adverse events of NSAIDs, the simultaneous administration of H₂ receptor antagonists such as ranitidine hydrochloride (RHCl) is obligatory. Here, we developed composite oral fast-disintegrating films (ODFs) containing FBP along with RHCl to provide a gastroprotective effect as well as to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of FBP. The ternary solid dispersion (TSD) of FBP was fabricated with Syloid^® 244FP and poloxamer^® 188 using the solvent evaporation technique.

The synthesized FBP-TSD (coded as TSD) was loaded alone (S1) and in combination with plain RHCl (S2) in the composite ODFs based on hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose E5 (HPMC E5). The synthesized composite ODFs were evaluated by in vitro (thickness, folding endurance, tensile strength, disintegration, SEM, FTIR, XRD and release study) and in vivo (analgesic, anti-inflammatory activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines and gastroprotective assay) studies. The in vitro characterization revealed that TSD preserved its integrity and was effectively loaded in S1 and S2 with optimal compatibility. The films were durable and flexible with a disintegration time ≈15 s. The release profile at pH 6.8 showed that the solid dispersion of FBP improved the drug solubility and release when compared with pure FBP.

After in vitro studies, it was observed that the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of S2 was higher than that of pure FBP and other synthesized formulations (TSD and S1). Similarly, the level of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) was also markedly reduced by S2. Furthermore, a gastroprotective assay confirmed that S2 has a higher safety profile in comparison to pure FBP and other synthesized formulations (TSD and S1). Thus, composite ODF (S2) can effectively enhance the FBP solubility and its therapeutic efficacy, along with its gastroprotective effect.

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Materials

In a composite ODF film, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose E5 (HPMC E5, Alfa Aesra, Karlsruhe, Germany) was used as a film matrix, and propylene glycol (PG, Daejung Chemicals and Metals Co., Ltd., Siheung, Republic of Korea) was used as a plasticizer. Superdisintegrant pearlitol flash® was received as a gift from Roquette (Lestrem, France). Flurbiprofen (FBP) and ranitidine HCl (RHCl) were kindly provided by Axis Pharmaceuticals (Faisalabad, Pakistan). The ternary solid dispersion (TSD) of FBP was prepared with Syloid® 244FP EU (Grace GmbH, Worms, Germany) and poloxamer® 188  (Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), whereas dichloromethane (DCM, Icon Chemical, Schlüchtern, Germany) was used as the solvent. All other excipients used were of analytical grade.

Rashid, A.; Irfan, M.; Kamal, Y.; Asghar, S.; Khalid, S.H.; Hussain, G.; Alshammari, A.; Albekairi, T.H.; Alharbi, M.; Khan, H.U.; et al. In Vitro and Biological Evaluation of Oral Fast-Disintegrating Films Containing Ranitidine HCl and Syloid^® 244FP-Based Ternary Solid Dispersion of Flurbiprofen. Pharmaceutics 2024, 16, 164. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16020164

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